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建筑賞析|當教育遇上建筑——中東的“趣”味學習烏托邦

發布于：2025-05-09 13:49:18

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當教育遇上建筑——中東的“趣”味學習烏托邦第1張圖片

Issam Fares Institute – American University of Beirut / Zaha Hadid Architects. Image © Luke Hayes

中東地區的教育空間作為文化與公共中心：7個重新定義公共參與的項目
Educational Spaces as Cultural and Civic Hubs in the Middle East: 7 Projects Redefining Public Engagement

由專筑網Yinglin，小R編譯

教育在中東地區長期以來一直扮演的是推動力量，塑造知識、鼓勵創新、強化文化認同的角色。近年來，地區內的教育建筑已超越了傳統的學術功能，逐漸發展為公共集會空間和文化中心。這些教育機構不僅僅是為了學習而設計，還包括對話、研究和合作的功能，通常融入開放的庭院、多功能公共區域和反映當地文化遺產的建筑元素。無論是通過建筑的物理開放性、適應性，還是與城市環境的連接，這些空間都強化了大學和研究中心對于公共生活的重要性。

這種變化在該地區的建筑項目中得到了體現。在黎巴嫩，美國貝魯特大學的Issam Fares研究所為研究和政策討論提供了開放的空間，而謝赫·納揚阿拉伯研究中心則作為一個智識和文化的匯聚點。在沙特阿拉伯，KAUST（沙特阿拉伯科技大學）和Princess Nora Bint Abdulrahman大學將研究、教育與公共參與融為一體，打造了廣闊的校園環境。在約旦，國際安曼學院創造了一個類似村莊的環境，將學習與戶外公共空間結合。在埃及，開羅市中心的Jameel中心，原為開羅美國大學的一部分，現已重新激活，并成為GrEEK校園的一部分，成為技術與創業的中心。這些機構共同展示了中東地區的教育空間如何發展成社會、智識與文化交流的中心。

Education has long been a driving force in the Middle East, shaping knowledge, encouraging innovation, and strengthening cultural identity. In recent years, educational architecture in the region has expanded beyond its academic function, evolving into public gathering spaces and cultural hubs. These institutions are designed not only for learning but also for dialogue, research, and collaboration, often integrating open courtyards, multi-use public areas, and architectural elements that reflect local heritage. Whether through their physical openness, adaptability, or connection to the urban environment, these spaces reinforce the idea that universities and research centers are essential to civic life.
This shift is visible in built projects across the region. In Lebanon, the Issam Fares Institute at AUB provides accessible spaces for research and policy discussions, while the Sheikh Nahyan Centre for Arabic Studies serves as an intellectual and cultural meeting point. In Saudi Arabia, KAUST and Princess Nora Bint Abdulrahman University integrate research, education, and public engagement within expansive campuses. In Jordan, the International Amman Academy creates a village-like environment that blends learning with outdoor public space. In Egypt, the Jameel Center in Downtown Cairo, originally part of the American University in Cairo, has been reactivated as part of the GrEEK Campus, a hub for technology and entrepreneurship. Together, these institutions demonstrate how educational spaces in the Middle East are evolving into centers for social, intellectual, and cultural exchange.

Issam Fares Institute / Zaha Hadid Architects
黎巴嫩，Hamra

當教育遇上建筑——中東的“趣”味學習烏托邦第2張圖片

Image © Hufton+Crow

由扎哈·哈迪德建筑事務所設計的貝魯特美國大學Issam Fares公共政策與國際事務研究所是一個研究和政策中心，融入了大學校園。建筑設計具有高度的可達性，多個入口與校園的主要流通路線相連，使其成為師生日常活動的一部分。其標志性特征是懸挑結構，這種設計不僅減少了建筑占地面積，還在下方創造了一個遮蔽的庭院，作為一個非正式的聚會空間。建筑布局開放且互聯，研究休息區、研討室和閱讀區的布局促進了互動。雙層高的入口庭院延伸周圍的景觀，構成有頂的公共空間，供人們進行休閑會議和討論。內部的透明隔斷和開放的流通路線促進了不同工作區域之間的可見性和互動。100座的禮堂設計合理，可容納較大規模的公共活動和講座，同時不干擾研究所的日常運作。通過其設計，這座建筑鼓勵思想的流動交換，利用空間開放性和流通線路支持其作為研究、討論和政策發展的中心的角色。

The Issam Fares Institute for Public Policy and International Affairs at AUB, designed by Zaha Hadid Architects, is a research and policy center that integrates into the university's campus. The building is designed to be accessible, with multiple entry points that connect it to key circulation routes, making it a natural part of the daily movement of students and faculty. One of its defining architectural features is the cantilevered structure, which reduces its footprint and creates a shaded courtyard beneath, functioning as an informal gathering space. The building's layout is open and interconnected, with research lounges, seminar rooms, and a reading area arranged to encourage interaction. The double-height entrance courtyard acts as an extension of the surrounding landscape, providing a covered public space for casual meetings and discussions. Inside, transparent partitions and open circulation routes promote visibility and engagement between different working areas. The 100-seat auditorium is positioned to allow for larger public events and lectures without disrupting the daily functions of the institute. Through its design, the building encourages a fluid exchange of ideas, using spatial openness and circulation to support its role as a hub for research, discussion, and policy development.

Princess Nora Bint Abdulrahman大學 / Perkins & Will
沙特阿拉伯

當教育遇上建筑——中東的“趣”味學習烏托邦第3張圖片

Image © Bill Lyons

Princess Nora Bint Abdulrahman大學（PNU）由Perkins+Will與Dar Al-Handasah聯合設計，是全球最大的女性專屬學術與文化中心。該大學專為沙特阿拉伯利雅得的女性教育和職業發展而建，服務于60,000名學生。校園內不僅包含學術、醫療和娛樂設施，還配有單軌系統，創造了自給自足的城市環境。從建筑角度來看，大學融入了區域性設計元素，如馬什拉比亞（Mashrabiya）風格的格柵，這種設計既能提供隱私，又能保持外部空間的可見性。該項目是一個完全實現的總體規劃，確保所有設施同時完工，而非隨時間推移逐步發展。除了教室，校園還包括研究中心、體育設施和集會空間，既支持教育也促進社交互動。其設計體現了一個專門為女性高等教育打造的空間，在一個結構化且安全的環境中，既促進學術成長，也推動公共參與。

Princess Nora Bint Abdulrahman University / Perkins & Will
Saudi Arabia
Princess Nora Bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), designed by Perkins+Will in collaboration with Dar Al-Handasah, is the largest woman-only academic and cultural hub. It is designed exclusively for women's education and professional development in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Serving 60,000 students, the campus integrates academic, medical, and recreational facilities along with a monorail system, creating a self-sufficient urban environment. Architecturally, the university incorporates regional design elements, such as mashrabiya-style latticework, which provides privacy while maintaining visibility in exterior spaces. The project was built as a fully realized master plan, ensuring all facilities were completed simultaneously rather than evolving over time. Beyond classrooms, the campus includes research centers, sports facilities, and gathering spaces, supporting both education and social interaction. Its design reflects a dedicated space for women's higher learning, creating both academic growth and public engagement within a structured and secure environment.

國際安曼學院 / Symbiosis Designs LTD
約旦安曼

當教育遇上建筑——中東的“趣”味學習烏托邦第4張圖片

Image © Zooey Braun

Image © Zooey Braun

國際安曼學院（IAA）由Symbiosis Designs設計，校園采用“花園村落”式布局，將教育空間與鼓勵互動的戶外區域相結合。布局由多個建筑組成，通過開放的庭院和花園連接。花園設計融合了主題元素，從為年輕學生設計的富有趣味的區域，到為年長學生設計的更具沉思性質的空間，為集會、流動和課堂外的學習提供了多樣的環境。在入口處，行政樓內設有一間藝術畫廊，為校園提供了一個面向公眾的文化空間。該校園的一個標志性特征是風塔，這些風塔集成于建筑中，提供自然通風、日光和降溫功能。它們還充當視覺標志，創造了校園天際線的節奏感。通過開放的流通空間、公共區域和層次化的建筑設計，IAA不僅是一個教育場所，也是公共和文化中心，融入了超越課堂的元素，創造了集會、反思和文化表達的空間。

IAA / Symbiosis Designs LTD
Amman, Jordan
The International Amman Academy (IAA), designed by Symbiosis Designs, is organized as a "garden village" campus, integrating educational spaces with outdoor areas that encourage interaction. The layout consists of multiple buildings connected by open courtyards and gardens, rather than a single institutional block. The gardens are designed with thematic elements, ranging from playful areas for younger students to more reflective spaces for older students, creating different environments for gathering, movement, and learning outside the classroom. At the entrance, the administrative building includes an art gallery, providing a public-facing cultural space within the campus. A defining feature of the campus is the wind towers, which are integrated into the buildings to provide natural ventilation, daylight, and cooling. These towers also serve as visual markers, creating a rhythm across the school's skyline. Through its open circulation, public spaces, and layered architectural design, IAA acts as civic and cultural hubs, incorporating elements that extend beyond classrooms to create spaces for gathering, reflection, and cultural expression.

Abdul Latif Jameel中心 / Dar Al-Handasah
埃及開羅

當教育遇上建筑——中東的“趣”味學習烏托邦第6張圖片

Image © Ebrahim Bahaa - Eldin | Jameel Center

Image © Ebrahim Bahaa - Eldin | Jameel Center

Image © Ebrahim Bahaa - Eldin | Jameel Center

Abdul Latif Jameel中東管理研究中心由Dar Al-Handasah設計，并于1989年完工，是開羅市中心的一個教育與文化中心。該中心最初是開羅美國大學（AUC）的一部分，融合了現代主義設計與馬穆魯克（Mamluk）建筑風格，外立面采用了裸露混凝土、木質馬什拉比亞窗格和大理石拱門等元素。這些元素不僅向開羅歷史建筑的語言致敬，同時也具有實際功能，如被動降溫和光線控制。

除在商業教育和管理培訓方面的作用外，該中心已經發展成為開羅創新和創業生態系統的核心組成部分。如今，它被納入GrEEK Campus，一個重要的科技和初創企業中心，擴大了其學術之外的使用功能。該建筑位于開羅市中心，依然是一個活躍的學習、合作和文化交流空間，體現了中東地區教育建筑如何繼續適應并服務于更廣泛的社會需求。

The Abdul Latif Jameel Center / Dar Al-Handasah
Cairo, Egypt
The Abdul Latif Jameel Center for Middle East Management Studies, designed by Dar Al-Handasah and completed in 1989, is an educational and cultural hub in Downtown Cairo. Originally built as part of the American University in Cairo (AUC), the center integrates modernist design with Mamluk architectural influences, featuring fair-faced concrete façades, wooden mashrabiyyas, and marble arches. These elements reference Cairo's historic architectural vocabulary while serving functional purposes, such as passive cooling and light control.
Beyond its role in business education and management training, the Jameel Center has evolved into a key part of Cairo's innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystem. Today, it is incorporated into the GrEEK Campus, a major technology and startup hub, extending its use beyond academia. Situated in the heart of Downtown Cairo, the center remains an active space for learning, collaboration, and cultural exchange, reflecting how educational buildings in the Middle East continue to adapt and serve broader societal needs.

Gooyesh學院 / SATRAP建筑工作室
伊朗伊斯法罕

當教育遇上建筑——中東的“趣”味學習烏托邦第9張圖片

Image © Ramin Dehdashti

Gooyesh學院由SATRAP建筑工作室設計，是一個多功能的教育和文化中心，結合了語言培訓設施與公共聚會空間。該建筑共有四層，建筑面積為918平方米，內設有教室、圖書館、行政辦公室、互聯網區、書店和咖啡廳，既是學習的空間，也是社交互動的場所。外立面設計融入了波斯建筑元素，采用了“金屬阿穆德”（Metal Amood）結構包裹建筑，創造了獨特的視覺標識，同時在日間有效過濾光線與陰影。外立面還刻有教育性文字，包括名言警句，突出建筑的知識交流特征。

內部布局靈活，設計考慮到氣候控制的混合機械系統和智能能量管理。教育功能、公共空間與富有表現力的建筑身份的結合，使Gooyesh學院不僅僅是一個語言學校的場所，它與周圍城市環境和社區產生了互動，成為一個超越傳統教育用途的集會空間。

Gooyesh Institute / SATRAP Architectural Studio
Isfahan, Iran
The Gooyesh Institute, designed by SATRAP Architectural Studio, is a multi-purpose educational and cultural hub that combines language training facilities with public gathering spaces. The four-story building, covering 918 square meters, houses classrooms, a library, administrative offices, an internet area, a bookstore, and a cafeteria, making it a space for both learning and social interaction. The façade design integrates Persian architectural references, featuring a 'Metal Amood' structure that wraps the building, creating a visual identity while filtering light and shadow throughout the day. The façade also incorporates engraved text, including educational quotes, reinforcing the institute's role as a space for knowledge exchange.
Inside, the layout is designed for flexibility, with hybrid mechanical systems for climate control and intelligent energy management. The combination of educational functions, communal spaces, and an expressive architectural identity establishes the Gooyesh Institute as a gathering space that extends beyond its role as a language school, engaging with the urban environment and broader community.

阿卜杜拉國王科技大學（KAUST） / HOK
沙特阿拉伯圖瓦爾

當教育遇上建筑——中東的“趣”味學習烏托邦第10張圖片

Image Courtesy of HOK

阿卜杜拉國王科技大學（KAUST）由HOK設計，是沙特阿拉伯一個大規模的學術與研究中心，集教育、居住和文化功能于一體。校園和大學城共同規劃，提供為學生、教師和研究人員服務的綜合設施，形成一個緊密連接的環境。主校園由十座面朝紅海的建筑組成，包括行政辦公室、學生服務、圖書館、清真寺、實驗室和研究中心。沿海研究中心也是大學擴建的一部分。

建筑設計采用了被動降溫策略，配有寬敞的遮蔽走道、鏤空屋頂和噴泉，幫助調節溫度。建筑間的開放庭院和流通路線構成了集會空間，進一步強化了KAUST作為一個研究與社交互動的場所。圖書館和研究建筑包含開放的橋梁和三層高的空間，不同區域在視覺上得以連接，促進合作。KAUST結合了學術、公共和住宅空間，作為一個教育和文化中心，支持科學研究的同時，也在現代環境中融入了傳統中東建筑元素。

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) / HOK
Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), designed by HOK, is a large-scale academic and research hub in Saudi Arabia that integrates educational, residential, and cultural functions. The campus and university town were planned together, providing facilities for students, faculty, and researchers in a connected environment. The main campus consists of ten buildings facing the Red Sea, housing administrative offices, student services, a library, a mosque, labs, and research centers. A coastal studies center is also part of the university's expansion.
The architectural design incorporates passive cooling strategies, with large shaded walkways, perforated roofs, and fountains to regulate temperature. Open courtyards and circulation routes between buildings create gathering spaces, reinforcing KAUST as a place for both research and social interaction. The library and research buildings include open bridges and triple-height spaces, visually connecting different areas and encouraging collaboration. With its combination of academic, public, and residential spaces, KAUST is designed as an educational and cultural hub, supporting scientific research while integrating elements of traditional Middle Eastern architecture in a contemporary setting.

Sheikh Nahyan阿拉伯研究中心 / Fouad Samara建筑師事務所
黎巴嫩庫拉

當教育遇上建筑——中東的“趣”味學習烏托邦第11張圖片

Image © Ieva Saudargaite

Image © Ieva Saudargaite

貝拉曼大學的Sheikh Nahyan阿拉伯研究與跨文化對話中心（CASID）由Fouad Samara建筑師事務所設計，是一個文化和學術中心，致力于阿拉伯遺產的學術交流與研究。建筑位于一個傾斜的場地上，享有校園、胡桃樹林和地中海的美麗景觀，建筑十分開敞，強化其作為對話和學習平臺的角色。CASID遵循傳統黎凡特庭院建筑的空間邏輯，但與其將建筑圍合起來不同，它與周圍的自然景觀融為一體。東側嵌入地形，反映了傳統的山坡建筑方式，而西側則懸挑向校園，形成顯著的入口。屋頂被設計為公共空間，提供綠地和全景視野。

建筑使用了當地材料，如粗糙的混凝土和打磨過的玄武巖地面，強調了該建筑與區域建筑傳統的關系；而西立面的鋁制遮陽百葉則以現代形式重新演繹了阿拉伯風格圖案。通過將教育空間與公共集會區域結合，CASID既是一個研究機構，也是一個文化交流的交匯點，支持大學內部及更廣泛社區的跨學科交流。

Sheikh Nahyan Centre for Arabic Studies / Fouad Samara Architects
Koura, Lebanon
The Sheikh Nahyan Centre for Arabic Studies and Intercultural Dialogue (CASID) at the University of Balamand, designed by Fouad Samara Architects, is a cultural and academic hub dedicated to intellectual exchange and research on Arabic heritage. Positioned on a sloping site with views of the campus, a walnut grove, and the Mediterranean Sea, the building is designed to be open and accessible from all sides, reinforcing its role as a platform for dialogue and learning. CASID follows the spatial logic of traditional Levantine courtyard buildings, but instead of enclosing itself, it integrates with the surrounding landscape. The eastern section is embedded into the terrain, reflecting traditional hillside construction, while the western section cantilevers out toward the campus, creating a prominent entrance. The rooftop serves as a public space, offering green areas and panoramic views.
The use of local materials, such as rough shuttered concrete and honed basalt floors, connects the building to regional construction traditions, while aluminum sun baffles on the western façade reinterpret Arabesque patterns in a modern form. By combining educational spaces with public gathering areas, CASID functions as both a research institute and a cultural meeting point, supporting interdisciplinary exchange within the university and the broader community.

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